Thoughts on Computers Essay Topics in Step by Step Order

Thoughts on Computers Essay Topics in Step by Step Order It's not a secret that the web isn't as nice and useful as you may think. Thus, it's the very best choice to purchase from the stores immediately. Computers are an essential part of normal life. Computers and their technology give us access to a large volume of information which makes it simpler to be a thriving student. To choose which subject you're likely to discuss, it's essential to see the complete collection of good persuasive speech topics from the special area of study. Take notes concerning all possible topics you may consider. Students often stress about trying to find utile persuasive essay tips and searching for ideas due to the fact that they feel it's an uphill job, but the secret is to understand the essence and generate a suitable outline first by planning for it correctly. Many students think that it is a waste of time. The cost of an essay depends upon the total amount of effort the writer has to exert. If you order from us, you can find a draft of your paper to be sure your writer is heading in the correct direction. The writers can manage any subject of your choice. Our writers only do what you desire. You just have to order a great essay from experts with the greatest academic degrees in a number of fields. Then devote another section to spell out how each one among them is unique. Give some intriguing facts. Do not neglect to develop an efficient outline to be successful! A Startling Fact about Computers Essay Topics Uncovered There's no worry to get hold of our services to assist you with an essay on computers. Our computers and internet topic suggestions can be utilised to create unique suggestions for your own research papers. Totally free Computers essay samples are offered on FreeEssayHelp with no payment or registration. There are millions of essay about computers topics you ma y write on, but the problem arises when you've got to opt for any one of them which isn't just the greatest but informative too. Always remember a great persuasive essay ought to be persuasive. It's possible to restate your thesis statement and point out a number of the arguments used over the whole essay that backs it up. On the opposing side, acquiring a list of good persuasive essay topics is inadequate. So locating the most effective persuasive essay topics is important. You may continue to keep your argumentative essays for your upcoming job portfolio in case they're highly graded. Our qualified academic experts will help you to find an ideal persuasive essay topic according to all of your requirements and compose a custom-tailored model answer. Therefore, many students and employees decide to obtain cheap essay rather than writing it themselves. The absolute most comfortable kind of writing which you may find among our computer essay samples is paper about advantages and pitfalls. You may also order a fully written compare and contrast essay and alleviate the quantity of work you must do. Another good idea is to receive some absolutely free essay examples of different sorts and on various subjects to find a general idea of the way in which a thriving debatable paper looks. You can begin with the form of topic you pick for your compare and contrast essay. The 30-Second Trick for Computers Essay Topics Computer is a science that needs in-depth comprehension and knowledge. Computers make education easier and quicker. Notebook computers have more recent and updated resources and data when compared with textbooks which can definitely help students understand what they're learning. You should settle on a persuasive essay topic that permits you to present the finest possible case. A student ought to keep in contact with the hottest trends and know which persuasive essay topics are related to sound convincing in regards to defending personal opinions. The essay isn't the simplest task to master. Writing an essay is a tough job, especially if it's the case that you don't understand what things to begin with.

Personal Statement The Heart Of London - 1131 Words

Loneliness. Privacy. Anonymity. It’s funny, that words never usually associated with living in a capital city, apply so perfectly to me, however, it is the sad reality faced by a typical 28 year old Brit in the ‘heart’ of London. Conference calls, big red buses and the swarm of tall, grey-suited businessmen with briefcases fighting their way through the typical morning rush to the safety of their 100th floor offices, are all a world apart from the isolated one I exist in. To think that not one in a city populated by 8.5 million would ever stop to spare even a second of their time to converse with me, helps to remind me of the burden I must be to the world. I’m guessing these feelings must have all begun after my brother Graham died – at†¦show more content†¦However, what was different about Graham was that he was the polar opposite of all the dull, arrogant and narrow-minded people I am forced to associate myself with every day. The most important human quality Graham admired was honesty – not just honesty to everyone around you, but honesty to yourself. And this is what made him a role model to so many – obviously in addition to the delicate way he used words to protect what he believed in. He was, still is, my brother. Even in the quiet commotion of life in the never-changing village where we grew up, Graham never failed to make clear to everyone his love for adventure. Always climbing trees and jumping over rivers, it seemed like nothing made him happier than the incomparable feeling of adrenaline pumping through his body. He always appeared to be basing his life on some sort of adventure movie. Guaranteed, he could make even our small uneventful village full of adventure. There was a hole in the hearts of everyone in that village when he died. The only source of excitement and thrill had been taken away. That is why I had to leave. He was everywhere. He still is everywhere. Why did I think that moving away would change that? Back then I couldn’t escape him and I still can’t. He is inescapable. I was drowning in my own despair by thoughts, having lost someone who by nature

Depression Is A Silent Killer - 955 Words

It s often said that we are shaped by the experiences that come our way throughout life. Furthermore, not just those experiences but our response to each of them. This rings true in my own life and I can think of a certain struggle in particular that has really shaped who I have become. It really comes down to one word with a whole lot more connected to it. Depression. My own personal case was major, which is called clinical depression. This two year struggle almost ended my life. I don t believe I ve ever shared this in this manner, however there s always a first time for everything. This is my story of how my fight and victory against depression has shaped the person I am today. Now, for those who may not know much about depression, this is paragraph may be very informational. Depression truly is a silent killer. Clinical, or major, depression is categorized as a mental disorder. It can be identified by many different symptoms. Most obvious would be the actual depressed state in general. It lasts most of the day if not all of it. It may also cause insomnia and fatigue. People who struggle with this lose interest in things. They may also have feelings of worthlessness and guilt. The most challenging of all the symptoms in my own battle, were the recurring suicidal thoughts. All of these things tied in together make up what we know as clinical depression. (WebMD. â€Å"Major Depression (Clinical Depression)† An Overview of Clinical Depression. WebMD n.d. Web. 28 OctoberShow MoreRelatedDepression Is A Silent And Deadly Killer2767 Words   |  12 Pagesselves as a result of depression. Depression is a villain that steals the happiness and lives of a teem ing number of people around the world. It constantly puts others down and fuels itself to become bigger and stronger. It is a mental illness that needs to addressed and worked on to better the world. Depression is simply a frown that needs to be turned upside down. 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A form of communication - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 20 Words: 5914 Downloads: 10 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Statistics Essay Did you like this example? Advertising as a form of communication intended to persuade its viewers, readers or listeners to take some action. It usually includes the name of a product or service and how that product or service could benefit the consumer, to persuade potential customers to purchase or to consume that particular brand. Modern advertising developed with the rise of mass production in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "A form of communication" essay for you Create order It has different connotation related to the different people related to the field of advertising. To the CEO of a corporation, advertising is an essential marketing tool that helps create brand awareness, loyalty and stimulates demand. To an art director in an advertising agency it is a creative expression of an advertising concept. Advertising related issues most often are left to the discretion on the viewer. Some might perceive these issues as ethical while others may loathe the advertisements on liquor and alcohol. Although the Indian government has taken a moral stand of banning the advertisements of these substances, but the manufacturers of these products have resorted to something called as surrogate advertising. Surrogate Advertising is done when the original product is not allowed to advertise itself on mass media. In India, alcohol brands are not allowed to give advertisements on television, so alcohol marketing firms use surrogate products like mineral water, soda, juice to hit consumers with the brand name. The brand name of the alcohol product is the same as the surrogate product. Kingfisher advertising packaged water, liquor manufacturers like Bacardi advertising compiled music CDs and Jagjit Industries advertising Aristocrat Premium apple juice are some of the prime examples of surrogate advertising in India. When people view these advertisements they associate themselves with these products. The extent to which Kingfisher is successful in this strategy is the topic which is being studied in this paper. Objectives/Research Questions: Our main objective is to evaluate the impact of surrogate advertising by Kingfisher by measuring its imact on the relationships between Brand Awareness, Brand Attitude and Brand Image amongst consumers. Literature Review Hypothesis: The review of literature shows that a number of studies have been conducted, especially in developed countries, on the ethical dimensions of surrogate advertising, (Zanot and Pincus, 1983; Hunt and Vitel, 1986). Few studies have been carried out to measure the effectiveness of surrogate advertising by products such as liquor and tobacco. But these studies were conducted in countries where the advertising of such products is not banned. Surrogate advertising is a fairly recent phenomenon emerging in countries where direct advertising of such products is banned completely. We begin by examining the impact of surrogate advertising of alcohol brands (Parulekar, 2005) on their brand equity (as defined by Keller 1993). The Government of India banned advertising of alcoholic beverages and cigarettes vide Rule 7(2) of the Cable Television Networks Rules 1999. In response, marketers of alcohol brands resorted to advertising of non-alcoholic beverages, sports gear, bottled water and a host of other alcohol-unrelated products as extensions of their alcohol brands. This form of advertising is now referred to as surrogate advertising. Brand Awareness: Brand awareness has been an important and often used construct for researchers assessing advertising and sponsorship effectiveness (e.g., Johar, Pham, Wakefield, 2006; Keller, 1993, 2003, 2008; Lardinoit Derbaix, 2001; Macdonald Sharp, 2003; Sandler Shani, 1993). Keller (1993, 2008) pointed out that brand awareness, or consumers ability to recall and recognize a brand from memory, is an important factor in the consumer decision-making process. For example, it is important that consumers are able to retrieve the name of the brand when they think of a particular product category. Brand Awareness consists of brand recall and brand recognition and brand recall can be further divided into aided recall and unaided recall (Zinkhan, Locander Leigh 1986). Brand Recall is the extent to which a brand name is recalled as a member of a brand, product or service class, as distinct from brand recognition (Leigh Menon, 1986). Brand Recognition reflects the ability of a consumer to see a particular brand as an established brand and not as a brand which they are seeing for the first time. Brand awareness measures the accessibility of the brand in memory. Brand awareness can be measured through brand recall or brand recognition. Brand recall reflects the ability of consumers to retrieve the brand from memory when given the product category, the needs fulfilled by the category, or some other type of probe as a cue. Brand recognition reflects the ability of consumers to confirm prior exposure to the brand (Miladian, Hossein, and K. Nagendra Badu., 2009). In addition, brand aw areness is important as it alone can affect consumers decisions about brands in a consideration set (Keller, 1993). This is especially true for low-involvement products (e.g., soap) as consumers are likely to minimize their decision-making efforts (Keller, 1993, 2008). Consumers attempt to save time and cognitive effort, by selecting a brand they know (Macdonald Sharp, 2003) or with which they are familiar (Aaker, 1991). Brand Image: Brand image is variously defined as the set of beliefs held about a particular brand (Kotler, 1988, p. 197) or a set of associations, usually organized in some meaningful way (Aaker, 1992, pp. 109-10).The second school, variously termed the brand image school, (Joyce, 1967; Ogilvy, 1963), humanistic advertising (Lannon and Cooper, 1983) and right-hand side of brain approach (McDonald, 1992) has at its core a more symbolic, intuitive and emotional view of products and advertising in the scheme of consumer decision making. Brand Image is the overall perception of a product which the consumers have. It is basically the kind of association which they develop between the product attributes (existing as well the non-existing but desired) and the brand name. Brand Image is built through a period of time and advertisement plays a large role in this. Brand Awareness and Brand Image: Brand awareness is also a necessary step for creating an association with the image of a brand. Without awareness of a brand, no other form of communication effects (e.g., brand attitude, brand images, and brand experience) can occur (Aaker, 1991; Keller, 1993, 2003, 2008; Macdonald Sharp, 2003). Keller (1993, 2003, 2008) explained that in addition to brand awareness, these effects comprise brand knowledge and they serve as the source of brand equity . Brand awareness and brand preference will affect the core brand image (Shwu-Ing Wu Chen-Lien Lo. 2009) and is positively related to core-brand attitude (Kardes and Kalyanaram,1992; Alpert and Kamins, 1995). Various theories on advertising and strategy have stated the positive brand awareness will lead to heightened brand image. This is a part of the well established Communication Strategy (Percy, Larry, Rossiter, John R., Elliott, Richard, Strategic Advertising Management, 2001). Four communication effects have been discussed in the work of Rossiter and Percy, and it will be from these effects that the following communication objectives were drawn: category need,brandawareness,brandimage builfing, andbrand purchase intention. Category need refers to the target audiences feeling that they would like a particular product or service in order to satisfy a specific need. It is important to remember here that category need is a perception, and therefore it can be established by the advertiser. By successfully establishing a belief in the target audiences mind that links the product category and a felt need, the advertiser can stimulate primary demand for the product category. Category need is the communication effect that causes primary demand. Brand awareness is the target audiences ability to identify a brand within a category in sufficient detail to purchase or use it. We have already seen that at the product category level consumers will not buy unless there is a perceived category need. At the brand level, consumers cannot buy unless they are first made aware of the brand. As a result, brand awareness must always be considered first, before any other communication effect. Hence we propose the following hypothesis: H1: Brand Awareness and Brand Image are positively related. Surrogate Advertising and Brand Awareness, Brand Image: The cue actually used by the consumer in place of another to evaluate alternatives may be called a surrogate indicator (Cohen, 1972). Brand awareness has been one of the most important ways of assessing the success of any marketing campaign. The available research literature on Brand awareness explores a variety of issues like factors affecting Brand Awareness of Virtual Advertising (Tsuji, Bennet Leigh, 2009), study on Brand Awareness towards common Hair Shampoo brands (Kathuria Jit, 2009). Therefore, the impact of marketing and advertising campaigns on Brand Awareness has already been studied by various researchers. Although cognitive awareness of Brands has been measured effectively to determine the strength of marketing and advertising campaigns, the effect of surrogate advertising on Brand Awareness has not been explored in developing countries. A research paper measuring this becomes all the more significant because a lot of industries like liquor and tobacco have resorted to advertising their products via this method in India. A few examples of such Brands could be Kingfisher, Bacardi etc. A research paper which attempts to explore this territory is Consumer Psychographics and Surrogate Advertising: An application of multiple discriminant analysis (Sharma Chander, 2007), but this paper too falls short on measuring the impact of surrogate advertising on Brand Awareness levels. Keeping the deficiencies in the existing literature in mind we attempt to study the impact of surrogate advertising on Brand Awareness. We went through literature to examine the effect of advertising on brand image. The function of advertising is to create the symbolism and imagery around the product which will result in a relationship between the brand and the consumer. The consumer is seen as active, knowledgeable, sophisticated and involved in the process of giving meaning to brands. Brand choice is based on emotional and intuitive feelings about brands, their images and meanings for consumers and how these brands satisfy consumer needs and seem to fit into the consumers relationship with his/her world. Based on the literature, we have arrived at 2 main functions of advertising on brand image. The first function is largely informational in character in that performance specifications of the brand are presented. The second function is to imbue the brand with human-like rather than mechanistic performance-oriented values. Brand image is the perception which the consumer holds of the product and its attributes (Cohen, 1972). Essentially perception is built through environmental cues and it is here that surrogate indicators through advertisements can play a very important role. The consumer often lacks complete information about the products and to fill this gap surrogate indicators play a crucial role. For eg: price can be seen as factor determining quality. The customer is dependent on these even more when he/she has not used the product before and in such cases perception of the product plays an even more important role. Similarly there are various indicators which effect the perception which the consumer builds. Some of these are colour (Kingfisher Beer uses red colour for its bottles and the same can be found on the drinking water bottles as well), symbols and endorsements which are shown in the advertisements. When the consumer cannot make use of proper evaluative criteria to compare and select br ands, it is these cues which then guide him to make his perception. We were able to site numerous research papers on the ethical aspect of surrogate advertising for alcohol and tobacco in India but hardly any on the relation between surrogate advertising and the corresponding brand awareness and brand image. This is used as a strategy to advertise products like liquor or tobaccoà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ the advertisement of which otherwise, is banned in our country (Sharma Chander, 2007). It relates to advertising by duplicating the brand image of one product extensively to promote another product of the same brand. When consumers look at these advertisements, they associate these with banned products. Hence, such products are indirectly advertised, and therefore, influence their behaviour. There is no doubt that the hidden call for alcohol consumption behind the surrogate advertisements is not escaping the eyes of viewers of the worlds fourth highest liquor consuming country. Their paper discusses the psychographics of the target audience since they are th e final evaluators of advertising. The implications thus, are left for the advertisers to modify and redesign their advertising strategies in accordance to the consumer psychographics, so that they can find a way out which is more ethical and positive for the society or their target market rather than resorting to surrogate advertising. A significant negative impact on the brand awareness level and brand association set was found for 4 out of the 6 alcohol brands evaluated (Parulekar, 2005). The common factor for these 4 brands was that they were non-beverage extensions. The author concludes that the extent of dilution of brand equity is a function of prior brand exposure, the surrogate category chosen and articulation of advertising for the surrogate product. This suggests that surrogate advertising has two effects on the mind of the consumer. First, it dilutes the recall of the actual product and focuses the consumers attention on the surrogate product (for eg. Consumers attention might get diverted to Kingfisher Mineral Water which is the surrogate product from Kingfisher Beer, which is the actual product the UB Group is trying to advertise). Secondly, as stated above, this may lead to ethical implications where certain consumers think it is unethical for companies to adopt this strategy and lead to weakening the relationship between brand awareness and brand image. This leads to our second hypothesis: H2: Post exposure to Surrogate Advertising, the relationship between Brand Awareness and Brand Image would get weakened. Model: The objective of the research is to study the effect of Surrogate Advertising done by Kingfisher on the relationships between Brand Attitude, Brand Image and Brand Awareness of Kingfisher. The above model has been proposed for the same. The independent variable (IV) is Brand Awareness, which will be used to gauge its effect on the dependent variables (DV) Brand Image and Brand Attitude.The moderating variable is surrogate advertising. Brand Attitude: Brand attitudes are defined as consumers overall evaluations of a brand (Wilkie, 1986). Brand attitudes are important because they often form the basis for consumer behaviour (e.g., brand choice). A widely accepted approach to capture brand attitude is based on a multi-attribute formulation in which brand attitudes are a function of the associated attributes and benefits that are salient for the brand. Fishbein and Ajzen (1975; Ajzen and Fishbein, 1980) proposed what has been probably the most influential multi-attribute model to marketing (Bettman, 1986). This expectancy-value model views attitudes as a multiplicative function of (1) the salient beliefs a consumer has about the product or service (i.e., the extent to which consumers think the brand has certain attributes or benefits) and (2) the evaluative judgment of those beliefs (i.e., how good or bad it is that the brand has those attributes or benefits). Attributes are those descriptive features that characterize a product or service-what a consumer thinks the product or service is or has and what is involved with its purchase or consumption. Product-related attributes are defined as the ingredients necessary for performing the product or service function sought by consumers. Hence, they relate to a products physical composition or a services requirements. Product-related attributes vary by product or service category. Non-product-related attributes are defined as external aspects of the product or service that relate to its purchase or consumption. The four main types of non-product-related attributes are: Price information. Packaging or product appearance information. User imagery (i.e., what type of person uses the product or service). Usage imagery (i.e., where and in what types of situations the product or service is used). Benefits are the personal value consumers attach to the product or service attributes-that is, what consumers think the product or service can do for them. Benefits can be further distinguished into three categories according to the underlying motivations to which they relate (Park, Jaworski, and Maclnnis 1986): functional benefits. experiential benefits. symbolic benefits. Brand Image and Brand Attitude: Whatever be the brandattitudestrategy, it must be associated with and preceded by first building the right brand image. As a type of brand association, brand image should have a direct effect on brand attitude (Faircloth, Capella, Alford, 2001), which, it has been noted, includes the consumers perceptions of all associations (e.g., Aaker 1991; Keller 1993). There is a positive direct influence of brand attitude on brand image. Thus, brand attitude has a direct effect on brand image which has been established by the above research paper. This research considered that brand attitude is a type of brand association, and therefore, should also indirectly influence brand equity through the brand image construct. Wilkie (1986) and Keller (1993) indicated that a consumers attitude towards a core-brand referred to the consumers overall evaluation of that core-brand, and forms the basis for consumer behavior towards that brand. There are numerous studies indicating that the accumulation of brand image and use experience is key determinant of attitude towards core-brand attitude (Carpenter and Nakamoto, 1989; Kardes and Kalynaram, 1992; Alpert and Kamins, 1995; Martinez and Chernatony, 2004; Ghen and Liu, 2004). This indicates that core-brand attitude can be influenced by core-brand image and use experience of core-brand that are as follows. Hence, we propose our third hypothesis: H3: Brand Image and Brand Attitude are directly, positively related. Advertising and Brand Image, Brand Attitude: Brand Extension is a strategy used by most companies to leverage an existing brand name for other products (Serrao Botelho, 2008). Kingfishers packaged drinking water is an example of brand extension. The effect of brand extension on brand image of the original product has been studied by in the above mentioned paper. Brand Image is essentially the set of perceptions which a potential consumer hold of the product attributes. Stronger is this set of perceptions, stronger is the brand image. Now brand extension can have both effects on the brand image of the initial product. It might go on to dilute it in case the extended brand is not able to meet the expectations or it can also reinforce it. In our case where advertisements of liquor are banned, surrogate advertisements can be the sole medium of building more information about the product and hence can strengthen the brand image. This leads to our last hypothesis: H4: Post exposure to Surrogate advertising, the relationship between Brand Image and Brand Attitude will be strengthened. Gap in Literature: The Literature Review has helped us in understanding the various factors that are to be considered in analyzing the effectiveness of surrogate advertising, i.e. the literature aided us in defining the variables of our study. While the various research papers provided above have studied extensively about the impact of surrogate advertising in countries where these advertisements are not banned i.e. mostly developed countries, little work has been done to in this field in developing countries like India where liquor and tobacco are major industries and surrogate advertising is banned. Thus this research will help in understanding the effectiveness of surrogate advertising on the Indian consumers. Although Jamshedpur is being taken as a representative sample for this study which has its distinct demographics and lifestyle, our objective is to get statistically significant results which could be extrapolated to states in India and developing countries across the world with similar charac teristics. Operationalizing and Measuring variables for study: Brand Awareness: Researchers have assessed brand awareness through the use of recall and recognition scales, which test the ability of consumers to remember advertising from memory. In the paper Dimensional Relationships Aided recall and recognition (Zinkhan, Locander Leigh 1986) it was determined that cued recall is less demanding for the consumer because they are provided cues to access the appropriate memory trace. Recognition is much easier than the previous two methods in that target items are presented along with one or more distractor items to the respondents (Leigh Menon, 1986).Therefore, recognition is solely dependent upon ones ability to discriminate the correct items from the distracters. According to this literature, in an advertising recognition test, there are two possible responses (i.e., yesor no) to two types of advertising stimulus (i.e., real or distractor), which create four possible outcomes. First, a hit is recorded when an individual responds,yes to real advertising. If, however, one fails to recognize the real ad, the response is called a miss. Another incorrect judgment by a respondent is false alarm in which the subject answers yes to a bogus advertising stimulus. Finally, a correct rejection occurs when the subject says no to a distractor. Further analyses of recognition tests mainly use the hit rate (H) and the falsealarm rate (FA) for adjustments and corrections (Leigh Menon, 1986). A hit rate is calculated by the ratio of targets correctly chosen (Tc) to the total number of target stimuli available (T), whereas the false-alarm rate is the ratio of incorrectly chosen items (Dc) to the total number of distractor items included in the test (D) (Leigh Menon, 1986). For instance, a hit rate of 1.0 denotes that the respondent correctly selected all target stimuli in the test set. However, a hit rate of 1.0 would not be a brilliant score unless his or her false-alarm rate is also low. Scores of both 1.0 on both hit rates and false-alarm rates imply that the subject answered yes to all items. When one has a same score on both hit rate and false-alarm rate (i.e., H = 0.3, FA = 0.3), it implies that the responses occurred by chance. Therefore, a researcher seeks high hit rates and low false-alarm rates from respondents. Recognition tests are criticized for their failure to account for respondents errors. Shapiro (Shapiro, 1994) argued that recognition studies that use only the correct number of responses would be unable to completely understand the human recognition process. He noted that research that merely counts the number of correct responses may incorrectly conclude that recognition memory is substantial, when, in reality, it was changes in judgment about memory. He put forward the argument that a simple measure of hit rate (H) minus false-alarm rate (FA) would suffice. In our study, this formula will be referred to as corrected hit rate or HC. HC = Hà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ FA According to Keller (Keller, 1993) Brand Awareness refers to customers ability to recall and recognize the brand under different conditions and link to the brand name, logo, jingles and so on to certain associations in memory. It helps the customers to understand to which product or service category the particular brand belongs to and what products and services are sold under the brand name. It also ensures that customers know which of their needs are satisfied by the brand through its products. For the purpose of our research we have that Brand Recall and Brand Recognition lead to Brand Awareness. Brand Recall: The extent to which a brand is recalled as a member of a product class and is distinct from brand recognition. Brand recall is to an extent measured by the degree of unaided recall. For eg, a person can be asked to recall the names of cigarettes or beer brands he may know. Researchers have found that brand recall is the sum of unaided and aided recall.The extent to which a brand is remembered when pointed is called aided recall. An example of such a question is What is Kingfisher famous for brand. For brand exposure companies look for high degree of unaided recall with respect to their competitors. The top of the mind recalled brand is the first to be evaluated in consumers mind for purchase. For the purposes of our research Brand Recall is being measured through the Likert Scale. Measures: Please name all the brands of beer you can think off. Please name all the brands of beer you can think of that you would bring to a youth party. We realize that it is not only important to measure the depth of recall (the percentage of people who know about the brand) but also the width of recall (the cues that lead to brand recall), which in our case is the kind of surrogate advertising which helps the consumers recall the brand. Typical cues would be: Subcategories. Consumption occasions / goal ( beer you would like to take for a beach-party ). Places (available in super-markets, bars etc.). People ( drink alone, in a group ). Brand Recognition: Brand Recognition reflects the ability of a consumer to see a particular brand as an established brand and not as a brand which they are seeing for the first time. In a recognition task consumers see stimulus ( e.g. mineral water bottle of Kingfisher ) and must say whether they have seen it before. Here it is important to make the task as realistic as possible by allowing only a short amount of time to answer the recognition question and by using realistic stimuli and context. The experimental group and control group are exposed to different stimuli (e.g. competitors brand). In the next step people see the old stimuli again with new ones and are asked to decide if the stimulus is old or new. To correct for peoples tendency to guess ( to say that they recognize when in fact they are uncertain ) one can compute a score called d-Prime score (HR-FA), Where, HR : Percentage of respondent who correctly identify the target stimulus: FA : Percentage of respondents who incorrect identify a new stimulus which has not been shown before. The following questions could be asked: Here is a list of (brand/ads/logos), do you remember seeing these today, yesterday, last month etc. Complete the following: K_NG_ISH_R, B_C_RD_ etc. Brand Image: Brand Image is the overall perception of a product which the consumers have. It is basically the kind of association which they develop between the product attributes (existing as well the non-existing but desired) and the brand name. Brand Image is built through a period of time and advertisement plays a large role in this. Whenever an advertisement is made, a company makes certain claims about the attributes of the product. This forms part of the expectations which potential customers generate and a positive relation between these expectations and the actual product helps build a strong brand image. Measuring Brand Image: Brand Image can be measured on 2 aspects, General Brand Image(GBI) which is associated with the brand in consideration and its symbolic aspects and Product Brand Image(PBI) which specifically relate to the physical attributes ,functional, emotional and self-expression benefits of the product (Martinez; Chernatony, 2004). Since we are considering brand image through surrogate advertisements it makes more sense to consider the GBI since physical attributes cannot be gauged through this form of advertisements. We propose to use Likert 7 points scale varying from à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¢ completely agree à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¢ to completely disagree for measuring the GBI on the following items (Martinez; Chernatony, 2004): This brand provides a good value for money. There is a reason to buy the brand instead of others. The brand has personality. The brand is interesting. I have a clear impression of the type of people who consume the brand. This brand is different from competing brands. Brand Attitude: Brand attitude can be viewed as the understanding a person has in terms of how they evaluate a particular brand and its ability to satisfy what the consumer is looking for in the product. There are four important characteristics about brand attitude that we need to understand. First of all, brand attitude depends upon what the potential buyer wants now from the product, which is the motivation that drives someones behaviour. Second, brand attitude is made up of what someone knows about a brand (cognitions or beliefs) and what they feel about the brand (affect or feelings). Thirdly, someones knowledge is usually made up of a number of different beliefs about a brand. And finally, brand attitude is a relative concept. Scale: Again a 7 point likert scale was used from 1 to 7 where 1=very and 7=not at all (Kathleen J. Kelly, Michael D. Slater, and David Karan,2002). Extent to which the brand is appealing. Extent to which the brand is cool. Extent to which the brand is In -Style. Extent to which the brand is likeable. Method: Participants (n = 110) were people aged between 24 to 40 years across India. People were administered a questionnaire to assess brand awareness. Since brand awareness consists of brand recall and brand recognition, both these aspects were measured using this questionnaire. Brand recall consists of unaided and aided brand recall. Unaided brand recall was measured by showing the respondents a set of 30 advertising images of various beer brands. Then they were asked the question as to which brands do they recall on the prompt. Images of surrogate ads of kingfisher were mixed with a few distracters of beer ads images like Fosters. Every time the respondent mentioned a kingfisher ad which was there in the images we recorded it as a hit (H). However every time he recalled an advertisement which was not there we recorded as a false alarm (FA). When the respondent mentioned an ad which was in the images but it was not Kingfishers we gave it zero weight age. Combining the hits and the false a larms of the respondent, the corrected hit rate (HC) was calculated as HC = H-FA for each respondent. The similar procedure was repeated for all the 110 respondents. To measure aided recall the respondents were prompted with a 10 options of images to choose from in which there were a few distracters as well which were not there in the original set of images. To measure the hits every time the respondent marked the option which was there in the original set of images we recorded it as a hit and every time the respondent marked an ad which was not there in the original set of images, it was recorded as a false alarm. However every time the respondent marked an option which was there in the images we gave it zero weight age. To measure brand recognition we blurred the images of certain surrogate ads of Kingfisher along with a few distracters and asked the respondent if he could recognise the ads. Every correct recognition of a kingfisher ad was recorded as a hit while every incorrect r ecognition was recorded as a false alarm. However, every correct recognition of a distracter was given no weight age. A few of the images shown to the respondents are as follows: The questions for the brand attitude and brand image scales have already been mentioned above. They were administered twice, one before and once after the respondent was exposed to the external stimuli (surrogate ad). The sum of each scale was taken and a linear regression was run to find the significant values and check for hypothesis. Research Design Respondents: 110 respondents aged between 24 to 40 years across India. Data collection: For the purposes of administering the questionnaire we had short one to one interactions with the respondents. Further online questionnaires were floated to target students and working professionals. Control of extraneous variables: Since most part of the research was done through an online survey, there was little scope to control the effect of extraneous variables. Ideally, the study should have been conducted in a controlled environment wherein each respondent was exposed to the external stimuli in the same setting and environment, but due to resource constrains this could not be done. Results and Analysis: We intend to study the relation between brand awareness and brand image; and brand image and brand attitude and the effect of surrogate advertising on these relationships, before and after the application of external stimuli. Brand AwarenessÃÆ'  Brand Image: Brand Image ÃÆ'  Brand Attitude: Now we ran regression for both the equations (before and after the participants saw the surrogate advertisement advertisement video) and the significance was observed. Next the standardized Beta coefficient was compared before and the video to establish the effect of the video. Relationship: Beta (Standardized): The level of significance is greater 95% for Eqn. 1 in both the cases (pre and post exposure to stimuli), with a positive standardized beta which means that there exists a positive relationship between brand awareness and brand image. Hence our hypothesis (hypothesis 1) has been proved. Brand awareness and brand image are positively related. In the case of Eqn. 1, the value of the standardized coefficient, Beta, has decreased post exposure to external stimuli, which means that the relationship between brand awareness and brand image actually weakened after the respondent is exposed to the external stimuli. Hence our hypothesis (hypothesis 2) has been proved. Post exposure to Surrogate Advertising, the relationship between Brand Awareness and Brand Image would get weakened. The level of significance is greater 95% for Eqn. 2 in both the cases (pre and post exposure to stimuli), with a positive standardized beta which means that there exists a positive relationship between brand image and brand attitude. Hence our hypothesis (hypothesis 3) has been proved. Brand image and brand attitude are positively related. In the case of Eqn. 2, the value of the standardized coefficient, Beta, has increases post exposure to external stimuli, which means that the relationship between brand awareness and brand image actually weakened after the respondent is exposed to the external stimuli. Hence our hypothesis (hypothesis 4) has been proved. Post exposure to Surrogate Advertising, the relationship between Brand Image and Brand Awareness would get strengthened. The reasons for a slightly lower alpha coefficient could be: The scale proposed for measuring brand image comprised of General Brand Image and Product Brand Image scales. However as Product Brand Image Scale consisted of specific product attributes which cannot be gauged through surrogate advertisements we took only the General Brand Image items for measuring the brand image. This could be one of the reasons for lower value Cronbachs alpha coefficient for brand image. Adaptation of the scales to Indian context. Low control on extraneous variables. Likely implications: Our research could be of benefit to various liquor and tobacco companies in India to help in marketing and advertising and also to the various regulatory bodies. Ethical Implications- Surrogate advertisements are a debatable topic especially considering the fact that direct advertisements of liquor and tobacco is banned in India. If it is established that these form of advertisements actually increase the brand image and thereby resulting in increased sales then the whole purpose of banning the direct advertisements is defeated. Commercial Implications- However if the government still wishes to allow surrogate advertisements then even other companies can find this model useful. Limitations: The study is mostly conducted in Jamshedpur which is not a very big city. Beer consumption itself is low compared to metropolitan cities and choices of people may be influenced more by local brands than by established ones due to cheaper prices. Therefore even if surrogate advertisements are actually helpful in building a better brand image and awareness it might not get reflected in a city like Jamshedpur. For measuring brand awareness a large number of sample images need to be shown to the respondents under controlled conditions. Since the respondents responded to the questionnaire independently and not in a group extraneous variable like noise, light etc. could not be controlled for the lack of time and resources in carrying out the research. Scope for future research Evidently, there is a lot of scope in the field of surrogate advertising and its direct impact on brand image, brand attitude and brand awareness relationships. Future research can be expanded to larger cities and more quantifiable parameters like total sales volume can be used to determine the effectiveness of surrogate advertisements. Also, if brand awareness is measured overcoming the limitations mentioned above possible mediation of brand image leading to increased brand image through increased brand awareness on exposure to surrogate advertisements can be established. Effect of Surrogate Advertising on the Relationship between Brand Awareness, Brand Image Brand Attitude.

Present Progressive vs. Present Participle Verb Forms

Though both end in -ing, the present participle form of a verb isnt the same as the present progressive aspect. These terms can be a little confusing, but the verb forms themselves should be familiar: we use them all the time in speaking and writing. What They Are What is a present participle?The present participle is a verb form (made by adding -ing to the base) that can do the job of an adjective: Carl signed up for the singing competition.  (Note that singing modifies the noun competition.)   But wait,  as the infomercials say:  theres more that it can do! What is the present progressive aspect?The present progressive aspect is a  verb  construction made up of a present form of the verb  to be  plus  . . . a  present participle: Carl is singing his heart out.  (Note that the present tense is signaled by is, not by the participle singing.)  The progressive  usually conveys a sense of ongoing action (and is sometimes called the present continuous). What They Do A present participle by itself cant serve as the main verb of a sentence. For instance, Sadie, tapping her cane to the music is incomplete. In this example, tapping begins a present participial phrase that tells us something about the noun Sadie. One way to make this word group into a sentence is by adding a subject  (I) and a predicate  (remember): I remember Sadie, tapping her cane to the music.  But theres another way to turn this fragment into a complete sentence. A verb in the present progressive aspect may itself serve as the predicate of a sentence: Sadie is tapping her cane to the music. As weve seen, the present progressive is used for continuing activities—that is, for actions taking place at the moment of speaking and for actions that go on for a short period of time. A Quick Review We could easily have a sentence that contains both a present participial phrase (tapping her cane to the music) and a main verb in the present progressive (is singing): Tapping her cane to the music, Sadie is singing loudly and out of key. In this sentence, tapping is a present participle (unaccompanied by a form of the verb to be) while is singing (a form of the verb to be plus a present participle) serves as the main verb in the present progressive aspect. A Little Practice For each of the sentences below, decide if the -ing word is simply a present participle serving as an adjective or part of a present progressive construction. Youll find the answers at the end of the exercise. The clown is crying.The children laugh at the crying clown.A flying squirrel landed on the porch rail.Stray dogs are barking tonight, and the Rowland boy is lighting firecrackers.Our neighbors barking dog keeps us awake at night.  The Hendersons are moving to the mountains of Washington state.Happiness, Kinky said, is a moving target: were not happy until youre not happy. Answers: 1. present progressive (is crying); 2. present participle (crying clown); 3. present participle (flying squirrel); 4. present progressive (are barking and is lighting); 5. present participle (barking dog); 6. present progressive (are moving); 7. present participle (moving target)

The Effects of Color on Personality and Relationships Essay

The Effects of Color on Personality and Relationships When dealing with interpersonal relationships people’s personalities are a large part of how people get along. When you meet a new person you may say that you â€Å"hit it off† or that â€Å"you just clicked†; this is due to how each other’s personalities coincide with one another’s. People’s personalities are impacted by there surroundings. This paper will discuss how color affects people’s moods and personalities. All people are affected by their surroundings. Emily Landen after a pilgrimage to several third world countries stated, â€Å"the children were so malnourished that it made me physically ill to continue to be around them everyday.† This is just a brief example of how one’s†¦show more content†¦Colors have subtle effects on our moods everyday. Psychologists have long since theorized that peoples preferences for color and color mixes have deep physiological affects on you mood or feeling. In fact, re search does suggest that color can affect your being and that your choice of color or combinations of color is significant to your mood. An example of this is that healthy people will prefer colors and color mixtures that reflect their health both physically and mentally. Furthermore, your color preferences are not necessarily fixed and that they will vary even within a given day depending on your mood. An evaluation of what each color must be made. The uses of color have spanned many area. Color has been used for years in medical treatments around the world. Before we can discuss how these colors affect us we must first examine what each color represents independently. Red is the color of energy, vitality and power. It is used for burning out cancer, drying up weeping sores or wounds, etc.; it will warm cold areas to reduce pain. Red is a powerful healing agent for healing diseases of the blood and circulation. It will help with depression. 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Is it simply that they are two different people with different interests and preferences? Or did the environments that they grew up in play a part in making who they are? In the natureRead MoreAnalysis Of Mikhall Kalotozov s I Am Cuba Loose A Sense Of What Of The Meaning Of Life1325 Words   |  6 Pageshave sex. The color black can be a mysterious color but it is also related to death or fear. The color t ypically worn at funerals is black because that is the way it has always been since the Roman Empire first started the trend then everyone soon then jumped on the wagon. When she says she is scared, she is seen in a spaghetti strap black dress wearing a crucifix around her neck. The black dress could be a reference to the fact that her innocence has died along with her personality and identity.

Gender, Social Class, And Race Sociologists Use A...

Growing up, almost every parent will tell you, â€Å"you can be anything you set your mind to!† or â€Å"the possibilities are endless†. But from an early childhood my parents were creating an opportunity structure for my life. Through my 20 years, how I was taught, the places I went to, the people I interacted with and the implications of society and societal norms followed me. As with many other families, my parents focused on setting me up for the best possible future. But little did they know, they were contributing to a society where some people are allotted more privileges and opportunities than others. I will attempt to deconstruct this complex social construction by looking at gender, social class, family influences, race, and socialization; which will be discussed in greater detail further along. When analyzing sociological concepts like gender, social class, and race sociologists use a â€Å"sociological lens†. 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The enigma of infinity (preview) Free Essays

To understand certain qualities of infinite one has to fathom the notion of what intrinsic values we consider numbers. â€Å"A number isn’t a number† as stated by George Cantor, nineteenth century mathematician. Cantor developed what is known as Cantors Theory of Sets, which states as follows, â€Å"For comparing the magnitude of two different sets, the basic notion is that of equivalence. We will write a custom essay sample on The enigma of infinity (preview) or any similar topic only for you Order Now In other words elements A and B may be paired with one another in such a fashion that A only corresponds to B and vice versa. This applies to what we call numbers, which in fact only represent the value it holds, in other words number B isn’t itself abstract as it’s the representation of element A. Outside the realm of mathematics numbers represent something, and mathematics was created to short cut the way we describe element A. Because of this we can consider what follows: unless, To the average mind this will seem to be nothing but obvious, nevertheless It’s a difficult concept to understand. When furthering the Prima Facie, or face value that Is present we find that this indeed is a possible impossibility. Because numbers are Just representation of values and they themselves are not abstract, they can be manipulated to equal the indicated equation above, A=2 A=B, therefore 2=3 Because the elements are equivalent before the values holder are nonequivalent because elements come before their representation. However the contradictions begin to follow as to say I have A equals the number of Bananas I have in my right hand, B also equals the number of Bananas I have In my left hand. Therefore I have 3 Bananas in my left hand and 2 Bananas In my right hand, and according to premise en they are equal, however the potassium Is greater In my left hand evidently. My point Is numbers are what they seemed to be, for example In a sequence such as 2, 4, 10 The corresponding representation of each value above, In other words. Not because 1 equals 2 but because 1 represents the first value In the sequence. Now alluding to rational numbers and Infinity It Is rather Interesting that when established that numbers are representations of abstract objects, and themselves aren’t abstract then they cannot be Infinite, because nothing In universe Is Infinite. According to the 2nd law of thermodynamics, the universe Itself Isn’t Infinite. Many mathematicians Like to solve part or the paradox wealth Infinity by establishing It as to be an extra- ordinary number, however the problem Lies that despite It not being ordinary, Itself Is an extra-ordinary number consisting of pure ordinary subsets, It would be different If Infinity were a value consisting of other extraordinary values. The enigma of infinity (preview) By RichardZamarripa To the average mind this will seem to be nothing but obvious, nevertheless it’s a official concept to understand. When furthering the Prima Facie, or face value that is hand, B also equals the number of Bananas I have in my left hand. Therefore I have 3 Bananas in my left hand and 2 Bananas in my right hand, and according to premise one they are equal, however the potassium is greater in my left hand evidently. My point is numbers are what they seemed to be, for example in a sequence such as 2, The corresponding representation of each value above, in other words. Not because 1 equals 2 but because 1 represents the first value in the sequence. Now alluding to rational numbers and infinity it is rather interesting that themselves aren’t abstract then they cannot be infinite, because nothing in universe is infinite. According to the 2nd law of thermodynamics, the universe itself isn’t infinite. Many mathematicians like to solve part or the paradox within infinity by establishing it as to be an extra- ordinary number, however the problem lies that despite it not being ordinary, itself is an extra-ordinary number consisting of pure ordinary subsets, it would be different if infinity were a value consisting of other How to cite The enigma of infinity (preview), Papers

Compliance Procedures to Protect and Strengthen Stake Holders

Question: Discuss about theCompliance Procedures to Protect and Strengthen Stake Holders. Answer: Introduction: Compliance Procedures Adequate to Strengthen Stakeholders There are several key aspects to having an active process to enhance and protect external and internal stakeholders. The most important tool is to have a cooperate toolbox which is to be in direct assistance on the internal controls. Equally important is also to have the compliance attitude in escalation towards strengthening the relationship between the stakeholders with an inclusion of external and internal stakeholders. (Reynolds et.al, 2016). While the culture is responsible for the senior managerial conduct, the board of directors of the compliance team should have essential promoting goals on ethical and transparency auditing. Audit Interactions Review interactions will play a beneficial role in explaining the actual manipulation of the stakeholders. (Tucker et.al, 2016). The first part in strengthening internal controls will have an involvement in changing the attitude some speakers towards the auditing section. It can be in the imposition by identifying stakeholders who are breaking the rules and personal, professional success in consideration.In so doing a reinforcement will be at establishing the auditor's role to find out the corporate issues to be able to give a valuable to the organization's corporate information. Communication One way of having a trust over all the companies stakeholders it is to have an improvement in the communication section. (Shfiu et.al, 2016). For instance, there is a situational approval to have this work and it is the essential awareness of the stakeholders on how the organization is at a point. When they are unaware of major events taking place, then it possesses a problematic as this will cause a break in the flow of information. Thus hard managerial problems. Conclusion In conclusion, to have the other prospects in incorporation to allow continuity of information among stakeholders will have an effect in controlling the organization. (Reynolds et.al, 2016). Internal stakeholders have a general acquaintance to be a valuable tool to be in combination to have reliable, secure platforms for information. References Reynolds, R. F., Kurz, X., Groot, M. C., Schlienger, R. G., Grimaldià ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ Bensouda, L., Tchernyà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  Lessenot, S., Klungel, O. H. (2016). The IMI PROTECT project: purpose, organizational structure, and procedures.Pharmacoepidemiology and drug safety,25(S1), 5-10. Shafiu, I., Wang, W. Y. C., Singh, H. (2016). Information security compliance behaviour of supply hain stakeholders: influences and differences.International Journal of Information Systems and Supply Chain Management (IJISSCM),9(1), 1-16. Tucker, P. D., Anderson, E., Reynolds, A. L., Mawhinney, H. (2016). Analysis of Evidence Supporting the Educational Leadership Constituent Council 2011 Educational Leadership Program Standards.Journal of Research on Leadership Education,11(1), 91-119.

Business Law and Legal System

Question: Discuss about the Business Law and Legal System. Answer: Introduction: Law of property is explained as the area of laws and regulation that governs various forms of ownerships and tenancy and in personal property, these laws and regulations are derived from the legal system. On the other hand, the tenancy agreement is defined as the contract that exists between the tenant and landlord, in this case, Sally is the tenant, this agreement allows Sally who is the tenant to live in a property so long as she pays rent to the landlord. However, this agreement sets the legal terms and conditions between the tenant and the landlord. Steps to be followed by the tenant before signing the lease agreement The lease agreement is a legal binding agreement that compels the lessee to pay the lessor for using an asset, therefore it is an agreement between the lessor and the lessee. This agreement shows terms and condition which the tenant do not agree with or they need to be changed and negotiated, these terms need to be read before signing the lease agreement. Sally as a tenant should have read through the lease document before signing the lease. It was her responsibility to follow the following steps before signing the standard legal document. According to Service Alberta, it is the right of every tenant, who is part of the agreement to read over the lease agreement before accepting and signing the contract (Student Legal Services (Edmonton, Alta.), 2000). Understanding the length at which the lease is applicable, this is the defined tenancy period between her and the landlord. Negotiate the additional terms of contract, these includes negotiating about the damages which sally discovered. Sally should have read over the legal document in order to ensure that the property contains all types of the amenities which she requires to have, for instance, the temperature which the room was stated to have. Responsibilities of a landlord towards a tenant According to the case study, Sallys landlord should consider it crucial to play his role as he expects Sally to pay rent, when Sally signed the standard legal document without even reading it, she has certain expectation from the landlord ("Landlord's Responsibilities to Their Tenants," n.d.). Sallys landlord in this cases the responsibility of enhancing safer and clean environment for his tenant. Under the Residential Tenancies Act, the landlord has the responsibility of ensuring that the rental units meet the minimum housing and health standards. They need to ensure that the structures of the building are safe, ensure that the heating and plumbing systems are working. In this case, Sallys room has some damages, which requires the landlord to essentially play his as it is required by the law According to Service Alberta and tenancies, it is the responsibility of a landlord to advise his tenants to take renter insurance cover. This is to protect the property of in case of events such as fire or flood. Conclusion Landlord and a tenant are bonded by the contractual agreement that exists between them, these agreement are provided by the existing laws. If a tenant or a landlord fails to play the respective responsibilities and damages are made to neither parties, one will be charged for a criminal offense. In the case of Sally and her landlord, a tenant should consider the importance of reading over the lease agreement document, the correct steps will be followed in any case a tenant has to negotiate or settle a dispute concerning the property leased out. Reference Cheeseman,H.R. (2014). Business law. Landlord and Tenant. Lease. Executory Contract to Lease Containing All the Terms Therefor as a Binding Agreement. (2013). Virginia Law Review, 16(1), 81. doi:10.2307/1065635 Landlord's Responsibilities to Their Tenants. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.thebalance.com/landlord-s-responsibilities-to-their-tenants-2124990 Michigan, Michigan State University. (2015). Tenants and landlords: A practical guide. Lansing, Mich.: MSU College of Law Housing Law Clinic. Student Legal Services (Edmonton, Alta.). (2000). A guide to the law regarding landlord and tenant law in Alberta. Edmonton: Student Legal Services of Edmonton.

A Case Study of DHL Express-Free-Samples-Myassignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Global Operations Management: A Case Study of DHL Express. Answer: Introduction Operation management is referred as the administration of the business practices in order to create the highest level of effectiveness possible within the organization. Present study deals with the operations, markets, customers, suppliers as well as key products or service of DHL Express, a renowned courier service organization. In addition, articulation of the operation strategy and the steps involved in the process, factors that lead to have a flow time for distinctive processing time are explained along with presenting process flow diagram. Description on Operations, markets, customers, suppliers and key products or service of DHL Express Operations of DHL Express Rushton, Croucher and Baker, P. (2014) stated that DHL Express is a division of the German logistics organization named as Deutsche Post DHL that provides international courier, parcel as well as express mail services. The mother company of DHL Express is considered as the largest logistic companies across the world, processing its operations through sea as well as air mail (Dhl.com, 2017). Even since FedEx has acquired unexpected success, DHL Express has supported the market and expanded to some of the countries like Australia, New Zealand. It has made life easier by sending and receiving packages across counties as well as continents. Some of counties like Soviet Union, Iran, Iraq, China, Vietnam and Cuba. At present days, DHL Express caters services to global audience and has developed headquarters in several parts of the world in order to facilitate easier functioning. Markets of DHL Express Competing with FedEx as well as UPS at international level, the organization has its market trends of the organization fulfill the demands of customers (Dhl.com, 2017). The company has customer relationship management system as well as marketing campaigns in order to attract more number of customers and retain customer for long time (Schnsleben, 2016). On the other hand, in contemporary world, the organization acquires contracts based on e-commerce that results coming of the packages in abundant amount. In addition, DHL Express has made collaboration with different governmental entities as well as organizations in order to work for betterment of countries along with acquiring popularity with the help of the events. Custimers of DHL Express Offshore sourcing is one of the key strategies in encountering the increasing demands for products (Dhl.com, 2017). However, managing of the realities of the global logistics including security, international require partners through which the organization can enhance their services. There are list of suppliers of DHL explained as followed (Dhl.com, 2017). DHL has implemented Disaster Response Team to Haiti along with the organization. Datalogic supplies DHL with the package sorting stations. Volkswagen and BP have extended relationship with DHL. In addition, Cyroport as well as DHL Partner for providing Cryogenic Logistic Solutions for Life Sciences along with health. Suppliers of DHL Express DHL offers a broad range of services that are designed in order to cater for shipping requirements. All export as well as importing services of DHL in Australia as well as across the world offer secured door-to-door delivery with full tracking visibility. DHL Express offers wide range of deliveries by the end of next possible working day. In addition, DHL offers more economical option for less urgent cases (Fernie Sparks, 2014). Key Productss of DHL Express The company offers heavier deliveries to Europe. Even through, DHL has specialization in international deliveries, it offers fast as well as reliable delivery within the UK. Along with these, DHL Domestic Express offers next working day delivery to 98% of the UK businesses. The import services of DHL enable bringing shipments into the UK from 214 countries. Moreover, the company offers wide range of services for complementing the standard delivery services. If any customer needs additional peace of mind, the Shipment Insurance service covers events like losing and damaging of the products. Articulation of the Operation Strategy Service operation management concerns with practical insight that enables the organization effectively implementing their operations. DHL Express has a clear integral strategic vision that fulfills its two sub-dimensional operations in business (Dhl.com, 2017). It is based on the targeted market as well as customer agents along with the notion of service concept as complicated product bundle as well as designing service for effective delivery systems. There are two sub-dimension of operational strategy such as exporting service operational strategy and importing service operational strategy. The organization satisfies its service users through offering a broad range of quality services. On the other hand, the company focuses on satisfaction of the staffs through providing an array of exciting opportunities for career (Dhl.com, 2017). As a part of the organization, the staffs are devoted to deliver quality services as well as solutions for the service users (Grant, Wong Trautrims, 2017). With the help of several on-site trainings and mylearningworld.net, online learning portal of DHL Express, wide range of scopes for enhancing services are provided to the employees of the organization. The components of operational strategy represent basic values on which the organization is developed as well as the level of integration (Dhl.com, 2017). The customer-focused elements are properly integrated and have a positive impact on making profitability of the organization. It is important to have a proper logic underlying the articulation of operational strategy. Customer market needs to be focused as well as delivery system that meet satisfaction of the customers with services and improve purchasing experience (Jaber, 2016). It returns improved customer satisfaction that reflects on loyalty of customers as well as profitability of DHL Express. With the conceptual relationship, customer-focused behavior as well as profitability is linked. In addition, it is required to redefine customer alignment as well as explain the sequence activities along with techniques needed to develop strategic vision within DHL Express. Explanation of each of the steps in the operation process Without adequate vision, it is difficult maintaining constant enhancement plans as well as elevate the business (Wang et al. 2016). There are several procedures included in articulating operation strategy of DHL Express that can be described as followed. Step 1: Identifying the area to be focused At the first step of articulating operation strategy, it is important to develop vision for operations and set the scope of area required to focus. Step 2: Analyzing time frame After setting the area for focus, it is important to develop and analyze timeframe that helps to set the works in different schedule and leads to systematic process of work. Step 3: Addressing average processing time Typical timeframe for developing operational vision is necessary. It helps to get beyond of the immediate issues (Swink et al. 2014). In addition, calculating average processing time for the service delivered by DHL Express is required to calculate. Step 4: Remembering past success It is significant to remember the past success when formulating operational vision. It assists to pause and recall success within the organization. Step 5: Documenting the draft plan Documenting the draft plan is the vital part in establishing draft plan for the organization that helps to take future orientation. Step 6: Soliciting feedback and input Utilizing care as well as consideration, selecting appropriate personnel to provide feedback on the operation strategy developed by the organization. Step 7: Review and revise After getting the feedback, it is important to solicit the feedback as well as get inputs from others. It is require reviewing the work as well as revising if required. Step 8: Sharing the vision After developing the operation strategy, it is significant to ensure that there is well communication within the operations of the organization to different functional departments, which depends on the input needs of the operations department of DHL Express. Process flow diagram Factors leading a flow time for different processing time There are different factors responsible that leads different flow time for distinctive processing time of the organization. The flow rate is considered as one of the most vitat performance measures for DHL Express. The number of flow units is going through the procedure of business per unit time (Peng, Peng Chen, 2014). For an example, served customers of DHL Express per hour or generated parts per time. The flow rate is generally referred as average rate. On the other hand, flow time is one of the major factors responsible in this aspect. The amount of a flow unit can spend in a process of business from beginning to the end is understood as total processing time (Meixell Luoma, 2015). In addition, inventory has an impact on different processing time of DHL Express. The number of flow units is presently handled by the process of business such as the number of services processed by the organization. Identification of Bottleneck of the process In order to perform the process in DHL Express, it is required to calculate total processing time and flow time as well as capacity of the organization along with addressing the bottleneck of the process. It is defined as the procedure step in the flow diagram. However, the bottleneck is the process step having long processing tine. It is vital to look at the capacities in order to make judgment for it (zdamar Ertem, 2015). Bottlenecks are generally helpful for piling up and workers in later stages stand under the process of setting. For an example, line capacity of the organization is 500 units per hour, while bottleneck operates 250 units in every hour. Evaluating firm managers waiting for customers with operation strategy Operations managers act a leading role in order to manage raw materials as well as personnel along with operational management activities. In this aspect, oversight of the inventory, buying as well as supplies is the central to the job. It is important to include determining requirements and overseeing the process of queuing and waiting for the customers.Operations managers involve in planning of budgeting and controlling costs along with keeping the organization on proper track financially (Monczka et al. 2015). The management of supply chain as well as other resources assists in minimizing costs of the production. They use methods like cost-benefit analysis can be helpful to improve efficiency. In addition, modern operations management includes sustainability in the process of financial equation. Thus, effective operation strategy is helpful for this perspective. Process of improvement in DHL Express The places of improvement required in DHL Express can enhance overall operational procedure of the organization. Process improvement is one of the constant parts of the particular way. In order to keep the operations ahead of the curve, it is required to take proven methodology for the process improvement. DMAIC (Define, Measure, Analyze, Implement and Control), is based upon the lean manufacturing as well as six sigma approaches. Thus, it is required to constantly work to detect specific opportunities like raising customer satisfaction or minimizing process defects can be helpful for improvement ofthe process (Waters Rinsler, 2014). In addition, dedicated team of process enhancement advisors can be helpful by making partnership with DHL. Their role for helping and understanding as well as responding to the different factors can impact on the systems like acquisition or divestment of the business of DHL. Challenges in the system With the pinning in world economy hopes on the markets of emerging for development of power as well as recovery. DHL Express has identified major barriers that have limits to the possible success: high customs costs, slow market liberalization and under-developed distribution channels. In addition, effective operations managers need to implement practices concerning for thepillars of sustainability (Liberatore et al. 2014). It is important to initiate as well as verify the corrective action at the time of outcome of the pillars that becomes jeopardized (Starr Van Wassenhove, 2014).On the other hand, unethical behavior can significantly contribute to demise of making successful corporations such as Enron, Tyco as well as several varied firms involved in the business of logistics. Being ethical across over all business functions like accounting and human resource management as well as marketing and sales might be the challenges faced by the organizations. Conclusion From the above discussion it can be concluded that, operation management plays an important role for an organization that leads to obtain competitive advantages and retain in the business with respective position. DHL offers worldwide services that include deliveries to several countries across the world including New Zealand and Australia. It has a global presence as well as local expertise that provide knowledge as well as relationships to work with the suppliers, customers along with local authorities in the emerging markets in order to enhance and secure smooth operations. Thus, effective operation management would be helpful to achieve success for the organization. References Dhl.com (2017).DHL | Global | English.. Retrieved 1 August 2017, from https://www.dhl.com/en.html Fernie, J., Sparks, L. (2014).Logistics and retail management: emerging issues and new challenges in the retail supply chain. Kogan page publishers. Grant, D. B., Wong, C. Y., Trautrims, A. (2017).Sustainable logistics and supply chain management: principles and practices for sustainable operations and management. Kogan Page Publishers. Jaber, M. Y. (Ed.). (2016).Learning curves: Theory, models, and applications. CRC Press. Liberatore, F., Ortuo, M. T., Tirado, G., Vitoriano, B., Scaparra, M. P. (2014). A hierarchical compromise model for the joint optimization of recovery operations and distribution of emergency goods in Humanitarian Logistics.Computers Operations Research,42, 3-13. Meixell, M. J., Luoma, P. (2015). Stakeholder pressure in sustainable supply chain management: a systematic review.International Journal of Physical Distribution Logistics Management,45(1/2), 69-89. Monczka, R. M., Handfield, R. B., Giunipero, L. C., Patterson, J. L. (2015).Purchasing and supply chain management. Cengage Learning. zdamar, L., Ertem, M. A. (2015). Models, solutions and enabling technologies in humanitarian logistics.European Journal of Operational Research,244(1), 55-65. Peng, M., Peng, Y., Chen, H. (2014). Post-seismic supply chain risk management: A system dynamics disruption analysis approach for inventory and logistics planning.Computers Operations Research,42, 14-24. Rushton, A., Croucher, P., Baker, P. (2014).The handbook of logistics and distribution management: Understanding the supply chain. Kogan Page Publishers. Schnsleben, P. (2016).Integral logistics management: operations and supply chain management within and across companies. CRC Press. Starr, M. K., Van Wassenhove, L. N. (2014). Introduction to the special issue on humanitarian operations and crisis management.Production and Operations Management,23(6), 925-937. Swink, M., Melnyk, S. A., Cooper, M. B., Hartley, J. L. (2014).Managing operations across the supply chain(pp. 248-249). New York, NY: McGraw-Hill/Irwin. Wang, G., Gunasekaran, A., Ngai, E. W., Papadopoulos, T. (2016). Big data analytics in logistics and supply chain management: Certain investigations for research and applications.International Journal of Production Economics,176, 98-110. Waters, D., Rinsler, S. (2014).Global logistics: New directions in supply chain management. Kogan Page Publishers.